Journal de la pollution aquatique et de la toxicologie Libre accès

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Immunostimulant from Marine Algae to Increase Performance of Vanamei Shrimp (Littopenaeus vannamei)

Yuni Kilawati, Sulastri Arsad, Radharyan Islamy and Siti Jumroati Solekah

Aquatic environment such as contaminated waters can cause immune deficiency of aquatic organisms such as White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) viral disease resulted in mass death of white shrimp. It is necessary to develop preventive activities by means of immunostimulant administration to improve the vanamei shrimp immune system using marine algae. The aims of this research are to analyse the effect of immunostimulant of marine algae extract on non-specific immune response of vanamei shrimp in terms of total haemocytes cell, haemocytes cell differentiation, superoxide dismutase enzyme, and respiratory burst. Experimental method was used during the research. Immunostimulant was obtained from seaweed extract of Sargassum polycystum, Padina australis, Eucheuma cottonii, and Gracillaria vrrucosa against vanamei shrimp that challenged with White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV). Observed parameters were Total Haemocyte Count (THC), Differential Hemocyte Cell (DHC) include hyaline cell, granule cell and semi granule cell, Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and Respiratory Brust (RB). The result showed that freeze dried marine algae extract has significant effect to increase the immune system of L. vannamei challenged with White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV). The best treatment is E (immunostimulant extract Eucheuma cottonii) and F (immunostimulant extract Gracillaria verrucossa) that causing positive affect on the parameter i.e., Total Haemocyte Count (THC), hyaline cells, granule cells and semi granule cells, Superoxyde dismutase (SOD) activity, and Respiratory Brust (RB).