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Histopathological Evaluation of Nephroprotective Effect of Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. on Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Rats by Colorimerty and Spectrophotometry

Shefali Jayantibhai Chaudhary and Archana N. Paranjape

Objective: To evaluate the nephroprotective effect of Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. on gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Material & method: Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg body weight) were administered orally to male wistar rats for 10 days simultaneously Gentamicin was administered for five days starting from day six in dose of 80 mg/kg/body weight, i.p. in all groups. Nephrotoxicity was induced by intraperitoneal administration of gentamicin 80 mg/kg/day for 5 days. Each group contains 6 rats. The parameters studied included blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Other parameters are urine output, urinary protein, kidney weight. Histopathological examination was also carried out.

Result: It was observed that pretreatment of methanolic extract of Tricosanthes dioica fruits significantly protects rat kidney from gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. Gentamicin–induced glomerular congestion, per tubular and blood vessel congestion, epithelial desquamation, accumulation of inflammatory cells and necrosis of the kidney cells were found to be reduced in the group receiving the fruit extract of T.dioica along with gentamicin. This extract also normalized the gentamicin–induced increases in urine and plasma creatinine, blood urea and blood urea nitrogen levels. Additionally, histopathological examination showed that T.dioica markedly ameliorated gentamicin induced renal tubular necrosis.

Conclusion: It is concluded that the fruit extract of Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. possesses nephroprotective activity against Gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity.