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A rare case report of Arnold Chiari type III malformation

NIKITA JAIN

Arnold-Chairi malformatiom (CM) is a congenital hypoplastic disease of the hindbrain which is characterized by spinal cord abnormality and hydrocephalus, due to some part of cerebellar prolapse(s) into the spinal cavity through the occipital defect [1] Hans Chiari, Professor of Pathology at the German University in Prague, published a series on hindbrain herniations based on autopsy findings in 1891[2]. He described three classes of hindbrain anomalies, including Chiari malformation type III; he found this exclusively in patients with occipital and/or high cervical encephalocele, with herniated dysplastic posterior fossa contents, and other associated anomalies [3,4]. Arnold Chiari malformation type III (CM III) is the rarest of the Chiari malformations [5] Newborn infants with CM III often suffer from respiratory failure, swallowing dysfunction, hypertonia, or amyotomia. Due to significantly respiratory failure associated with this type, the prognosis is known to be very poor